The most popular usage delimits Oceania further by eliminating Indonesia, Taiwan, and the Philippines, because the peoples and cultures of those islands are more closely related historically to the Asian mainland. cosmosmagazine.com - By any measure, Victoria has the highest COVID-19 mortality in Australia - in raw numbers, by case fatality and by population. The Polynesian people are considered to be by linguistic, archaeological and human genetic ancestry a subset of the sea-migrating Austronesian people and tracing Polynesian languages places their prehistoric origins in the Malay Archipelago, and ultimately, in Taiwan. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [376][377] There are two major political groups that usually form government, federally and in the states: the Australian Labor Party and the Coalition which is a formal grouping of the Liberal Party and its minor partner, the National Party. [38] The Oxford Handbook of World History (2011) describes the areas encompassed in Oceania as being "afterthoughts in world history texts, lumped together and included at the end of global surveys as areas largely marginal to the main events of world history". New #sharkscience by @FloriaanDD and authors conduct the first #global assessment of population structure of the #bullshark To learn more-> 28 Feb 2023 04:01:34 [50][51][52] The Pacific Ocean itself has been labelled as a "continent of islands", and contains approximately 25,000, which is more than all the other major oceans combined. Australia and New Zealand stand out in rugby, enjoying outstanding participation in world tournaments, in which other countries such asArgentinaparticipate . The Population of Oceania (1950 - 2019) chart plots the total population count as of July 1 of each year, from 1950 to 2019. Corrections? [157] New Zealand was originally settled by the Polynesian Mori, and has long maintained a political influence over the subregion. The Pitcairn reed warbler, endemic to Pitcairn Island, was added to the endangered species list in 2008. Most Indigenous Australian tribal groups subsisted on a simple hunter-gatherer diet of native fauna and flora, otherwise called bush tucker. New Zealand uses its lakes for hydroelectric power generation. [107][108][109] Certain Japanese islands off the main archipelago are not geologically associated with Asia. As an island archipelago New Zealand accumulated bird diversity and when Captain James Cook arrived in the 1770s he noted that the bird song was deafening. The mix includes species with unusual biology such as the kkp which is the world's only flightless, nocturnal, lek-breeding parrot, but also many species that are similar to neighboring land areas. [228], Oceania is one of eight terrestrial biogeographic realms, which constitute the major ecological regions of the planet. "[19], Thomas Sebeok's two volume 1971 book Linguistics in Oceania defines Easter Island, the Galpagos Islands, the Juan Fernndez Islands, Costa Rica's Cocos Island and Colombia's Malpelo Island (all oceanic)[122] as making up a Spanish language segment of Oceania. 2. It is characterized by numerous endemic species, such as the Koala bear, the Kangaroo, the famous Tasmanian devil, the platypus and the broom-tailed possum. Piramide della popolazione: Oceania - 1986. Webster broke Oceania up into two subdivisions; the continental group, which included Australia, the Japanese archipelago, the Malay archipelago and Taiwan, and the oceanic group, which included New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Urban Pop % : Urban population as a percentage of total population. Australia and New Zealand collectively contain more than 30 million people, which is nearly three quarters of the entire population of Oceania. [408], The music of Hawaii includes traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. [426] Art of Oceania properly encompasses the artistic traditions of the people indigenous to Australia and the Pacific Islands. [110][111] The book The World and Its Peoples: Australia, New Zealand, Oceania (1966) asserts that, "Japan, Taiwan, the Aleutian Islands, Indonesia, the Philippines and Malaysia [and] the Pacific archipelagos bordering upon the Far East Asian mainland are excluded from Oceania", and that "all the islands lying between Australia and the Americas, including Australia, are part of Oceania. Teachers are encouraged to have their students use the Data Sheet for a variety of topics and activities. "[75] Conrad Malte-Brun in 1824 defined Oceania as covering Australia, New Zealand, the islands of Polynesia (which then included all the Pacific islands) and the Malay archipelago. Year: as of July 1 of the year indicated. Wilford, Timothy. [344] In 2012, Australia was the 12th largest national economy by nominal GDP and the 19th-largest measured by PPP-adjusted GDP. The largest and most populous dependency is the French dependency of New Caledonia, which has a land area of 18,280 km 2, and a population of approximately 287,000. Steadman viewed Oceania as encompassing Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia (including Easter Island and Hawaii). According to the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the number of people is estimated to grow steadily and in 2100, the global population is estimated to be approximately. The rock art of Aboriginal Australians is the longest continuously practiced artistic tradition in the world. [197] The prehistories of many Micronesian islands such as Yap are not known very well. She adds that most islands in the Pacific are "close enough together to be easily clustered into archipelagos or groups. For example, in the Solomon Islands, English is the official language, but only 1-2% of the population can speak it fluently the majority speak an English creole, Solomons Pijin. [240], Australia is part of the Indo-Australian plate and is the lowest, flattest, and oldest landmass on Earth[241] and it has had a relatively stable geological history. [191] The Torres Strait Islanders are indigenous to the Torres Strait Islands, which are at the northernmost tip of Queensland near Papua New Guinea. Coconuts, ginger, and copra are also significant. [334] Chinese workers on Western trading ships settled in Hawaii starting in 1789. It is held every four years and began in 1963. Oceania population is equivalent to 0.54% of the total world population. [385] The New Zealand Parliament holds legislative power and consists of the King and the House of Representatives. Spanning the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of 8,525,989 square kilometres . [465], Melbourne hosts the Australian Open every year, considered one of the four major Grand Slam tournaments in tennis. Pain, C.F., Villans, B.J., Roach, I.C., Worrall, L. & Wilford, J.R. (2012): Old, flat and red Australia's distinctive landscape. Tropical 4. [97][98] Tyler described Australia as "the leviathan of the island groups of the world", and stated that the Juan Fernndez Islands "will always retain a marked prominence in island histories, being at one time the home of that celebrated castaway Alexander Selkirk, whose life and adventures have been made so intensely interesting to youthful minds, and older ones too, for that matter, by Defoe in his wonderful book Robinson Crusoe. [323], Sydney is the most multicultural city in Oceania, having more than 250 different languages spoken with about 40% of residents speaking a language other than English at home. The subject matter typically carries themes of fertility or the supernatural. Australia itself has a population of approximately 25.7 million, while New Zealand's population is close to 4.85 million. Oceania, collective name for the islands scattered throughout most of the Pacific Ocean. 1.4 million); except Auckland, all cities are located in Australia. Beginning c. 1100 CE, the people of Easter Island would begin construction of nearly 900 moai (large stone statues). Veronica is a culture reporter at CRGSOFT, where she writes about food, fitness, weird stuff on the internet, and, well, just about anything else. With regards to Papuan influence, autochthonous haplogroups support the hypothesis of a long history in Near Oceania, with some lineages suggesting a time depth of 60 thousand years. Bullen added that, "Asia, Europe and the Maritime Continent are not literal geographic continents. The bulk of the population of Oceania practicesProtestantism (42.7%), followed by Catholicism (24.7%) and otherChristian sects(14.8%). Flick estimated this definition of Oceania had a population of 70,000,000, and commented that, "brown and yellow races constitute the vast majority" and that the minority of whites were mainly "owners and rulers". Vanuatu is widely recognised as one of the premier vacation destinations for scuba divers wishing to explore coral reefs of the South Pacific region. In 2010, Australian historian Bronwen Douglas claimed in The Journal of Pacific History that "a strong case could be made for extending Oceania to at least Taiwan, the homeland of the Austronesian language family whose speakers colonized significant parts of the region about 6,000 years ago. New Zealand's 1983 Closer Economic Relations agreement with Australia means that the economy aligns closely with that of Australia. ", "Subnational population estimates (RC, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2022 (2022 boundaries)", "Subnational population estimates (TA, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2022 (2022 boundaries)", "Subnational population estimates (urban rural), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2022 (2022 boundaries)", Christianity in its Global Context, 19702020 Society, Religion, and Mission, "Background Notes Australia, Fiji, Kiribati, Malaysia, Micronesia, New Zealand, Samoa", "2018 Census totals by topic national highlights", "Prince Philip: the unlikely but willing Pacific deity | Prince Philip", "Prince Philip: The Vanuatu tribes mourning the death of their "god" - BBC News", "Main Features Cultural Diversity in Australia", "Census 2016: Migrants make a cosmopolitan country", "Immigration chronology: selected events 18402008", "2013 Census QuickStats about culture and identity data tables", "California's Hispanic population projected to outnumber white in 2014", "Maternal History of Oceania from Complete mtDNA Genomes: Contrasting Ancient Diversity with Recent Homogenization Due to the Austronesian Expansion", "BBC: First contact with isolated tribes? Main countries of Oceania With 24.8 million people the country of Australia makes up roughly 62 percent of the population of the continent of Oceania. Among these are Bougainville, Hawaii, and Solomon Islands. Yet the total land area of the islands is very smallonly some 324,000 square miles (840,000 square kilometers). [340], Australia and New Zealand are the only highly developed independent nations in the region, although the economy of Australia is by far the largest and most dominant economy in the region and one of the largest in the world. [218] On 24 September 1853, under orders from Napoleon III, Admiral Febvrier Despointes took formal possession of New Caledonia and Port-de-France (Nouma) was founded 25 June 1854. Population is the entire pool from which a statistical sample is drawn. As with other Polynesian cultures (Hawaiian, Tahitian and Mori) with significant and unique tattoos, Samoans have two gender specific and culturally significant tattoos. This is a growth of 150.0 percent in 61 years. The human group that inhabits the continentis extremely varied in its customs and cultures, exhibiting an interesting diversity despite its very low population density rate. "[127] For political reasons, Taiwan was a member of the Oceania Football Confederation during the 1970s and 1980s, rather than the Asian Football Confederation. ", Field listing GDP (official exchange rate), "How Fitch, Moody's and S&P rate each country's credit rating", "Statement on Monetary Policy (November 2013)", "2014 Quality of Living Worldwide City Rankings Mercer Survey", "Happy birthday Melbourne: 181 and still kicking! More answers below Quora User This continent, the smallest on the planet, is located south of thePacific Ocean, west of theIndian Oceanand southeast ofthe Asian continent. Tongan, English. Part 1: Australia and Oceania, German herpetologist Klaus Henle referred to the area as the Pacific region, and defined it as covering Australia, New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. Asia is the most populous continent by a massive margin as it has a population of nearly 3.5x of the second-most populous continent Africa. Australia and New Zealand's trading arrangements are known as Closer Economic Relations. Afghanistan , Albania , Algeria , American Samoa , Andorra , Angola , Anguilla , Antigua and Barbuda , Argentina , Armenia , Aruba , Australia , Austria , Az. [56][57] The Pacific Plate covers the Solomon Islands and parts of New Zealand, as well as Micronesia (excluding the westernmost islands near the Philippine Sea Plate) and Polynesia (excluding Easter Island). Santa Cruz, a population located in Remote Oceania, is an anomaly with extreme frequencies of autochthonous haplogroups of Near Oceanian origin. [311] Traditional religions are often animist, and prevalent among traditional tribes is the belief in spirits (masalai in Tok Pisin) representing natural forces. This parameter provides an indication of age distribution. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Disagreements between the US, Germany and UK over Samoa led to the Tripartite Convention of 1899. He added that, "besides the proceeding, the Pacific contains many other islands, of which the most important are Hainan and Formosa, on the coast of China, the Japan isles, the Kuriles, the Aleutian Islands (stretching from the New World to the Old), Vancouver Island, the Galpagos, Juan Fernndez and Chilo. [1] Table [ edit] Oceanian population by country (top 8). [64][123][321] There are also Creoles formed from the interaction of Malay or the colonial languages with indigenous languages, such as Tok Pisin, Bislama, Chavacano, various Malay trade and creole languages, Hawaiian Pidgin, Norfuk, and Pitkern. Todd defined the oceanic Bonin Islands as making up a Japanese language segment of Oceania, and excluded the main Japanese archipelago. If you are a dynamic individual seeking a new career opportunity, read further The Programme in Health Services and Systems Research (HSSR) at the Medical School in Singapore invites applications from outstanding candidates. They further include in this region Salas y Gmez, a small uninhabited island to the east of Easter Island. [120] The South Pacific Commission is a developmental organization formed in 1947 and is currently known as the Pacific Community; its members include Australia and other Pacific Islands Forum members. Fiji currently attracts almost half a million tourists each year, more than a quarter of whom come from Australia. The United States also expanded into the Pacific, beginning with Baker Island and Howland Island in 1857, and with Hawaii becoming a U.S. territory in 1898. [290] The lowest temperature ever recorded in Oceania was 25.6C (14.1F), at Ranfurly in Otago in 1903, with a more recent temperature of 21.6C (6.9F) recorded in 1995 in nearby Ophir. [72] In a 2008 article for the India Quarterly journal titled Oceania and Security: A Perspective from New Zealand, author Peter Cozens stated, "the region of Oceania is characterised by vast distances across the sea between continental land masses [] It is difficult to be precise about the term Oceania and its exact delimitation", adding that "the principal regional political grouping is contained within the Pacific Island Forum (PIF) - the 16 states making up the Forum are: Australia, Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu and Vanuatu - in general terms this is the area referred to as Oceania by the United Nations and similar agencies. [384] The King is represented by the Governor-General, whom he appoints on the advice of the Prime Minister. Population growth in Australia From 1960 to 2021 the population of Australia increased from 10.28 million to 25.69 million people. Ben Finney, The Other One-Third of the Globe. [397] Other cultural influences come from neighbouring Asian countries, and through large-scale immigration from non-English-speaking nations. He excluded from his definition the larger islands of New Guinea and New Zealand, and argued that Cocos Island, the Galpagos Islands, the Revillagigedo Islands and other oceanic islands nearing the Americas were not part of Oceania, due to their biogeographical affinities with that area and lack of prehistoric indigenous populations. Oceania: Population, Characteristics, Economy And Religions. attiarndt/Getty Images Area: 178,703 square miles (462,840 sq km) In this book, he included the Aleutian Islands, the Galpagos Islands, the Japanese archipelago, the Kuril Islands and continental islands off the coast of the Americas such as the Channel Islands, the Farallon Islands and Vancouver Island;[141] all of these islands lie in or close to the Pacific Ring of Fire, as is the case with New Guinea and New Zealand, which were also included. List of cities in Oceania by population City Country Urban area Sydney Australia 4,914,343 Melbourne Australia 4,893,870 Brisbane Australia 2,430,180. [24] Before Europeans arrived in the area, the sea shielded Australia and south central Pacific islands from cultural influences that spread through large continental landmasses and adjacent islands. . They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [272] Predominant bird species in the country include the Australian magpie, Australian raven, the pied currawong, crested pigeons and the laughing kookaburra. The Mori people constitute one of the major cultures of Polynesia. The plate contains an interior hot spot forming the Hawaiian Islands. Australia and New Zealand have diversifiedeconomies, with a strong presence in the area of services and the primary sector (production), since between the two countries they account for 40% of the worlds sheep. [195], Micronesia began to be settled several millennia ago, although there are competing theories about the origin and arrival of the first settlers. Migrants (net): The average annual number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants over the preceding five year period (running from July 1 to June 30 of the initial and final years), or subsequent five year period (for 2016 data). [247] Desert or semi-arid land commonly known as the outback makes up by far the largest portion of land. In addition, the series of sovereign island nations fringing Asia (Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, East Malaysia, the Republic of Indonesia) are not ordinarily considered to be part of the area. Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines. [67] Papua New Guinea is geographically the closest country to Australia, and is often geologically associated with Australia as it was once physiologically connected. Chart and table of Australia population from 1950 to 2023. ), Gold Coast (theme parks such as Warner Bros. Movie World, Dreamworld and Sea World), Walls of Jerusalem National Park and Mount Field National Park in Tasmania, Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne, the Great Barrier Reef in Queensland, The Twelve Apostles in Victoria, Uluru (Ayers Rock) and the Australian outback. Olney divided up Oceania into three groups; Australasia (which included Australia, New Guinea and New Zealand), Malesia and Polynesia (which included the combined islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia in his definition). [117] The International Union for Conservation of Nature stated in a 1986 report that they include Easter Island in their definition of Oceania "on the basis of its Polynesian and biogeographic affinities even though it is politically apart", further noting that other oceanic islands administered by Latin American countries had been included in definitions of Oceania. [103] The journal associated the term Oceania with the Melanesian, Micronesian and Polynesian subdivisions, but not with the Indonesian or non-tropical subdivisions. Ngerulmud, on Babeldaob Island, is the smallest national capital on earth by population, with only a few hundred people; the name is pronounced en-jer-al-mud; Koror, on Koror Island, . "[32] Scottish geographer John Bartholomew wrote in 1873 that, "the New World consists of North America, and the peninsula of South America attached to it. Some of the more well known and distinctive bird species in New Zealand are the kiwi, kea, takah, kakapo, mohua, t, and the bellbird. He wrote in The Globe Encyclopedia of Universal Information that, "literally interpreted, the name would include all the groups from Sumatra to the Galpagos, together with Australia. By 75 Ma, Zealandia was essentially separate from Australia and Antarctica, although only shallow seas might have separated Zealandia and Australia in the north. The total population density, however, barely fluctuates between 2.8 and 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometer. World Population: Total World Population as of July 1 of the year indicated. However, the most popular usage excludes not only the Ryukyu, Kuril, and Aleutian islands and the Japanese archipelago but also islands that are historically closely related to the Asian mainland, such as Indonesia, Taiwan, and the Philippines. South Island is dominated by the Southern Alps. PopulationPyramid.net Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100. Population Pyramids: OCEANIA - 2022. [367], Tourism in Australia is an important component of the Australian economy. [104] The Pacific Islands Handbook (1945), by Robert William Robson, stated that, "Pacific Islands generally are regarded as Pacific islands lying within the tropics. English. For all other years: latest year annual percentage change equivalent assuming homogeneous change in the preceding five year period, calculated through reverse compounding. The Pacific islands, on the other hand, subsist mostly ontourismand fishing. Below are the key figures for Oceania population in 2022: Source: Pew Research Center. [15], The arrival of European settlers in subsequent centuries resulted in a significant alteration in the social and political landscape of Oceania. At c. 1200 CE, the people of Pohnpei, a Micronesian island, would embark on another megalithic construction, building Nan Madol, a city of artificial islands and a system of canals. The 1960 constitution, which formally came into force with independence from New Zealand in 1962, builds on the British pattern of parliamentary democracy, modified to take account of Samoan customs. 100 million. The following series of short activities allows students to access a wealth of data on the world, regions, and individual countries, and develop their data literacy skills and knowledge of geography. [401][402] The city's New Year's Eve celebrations are the largest in Oceania. 3. [121] The 2007 book Asia in the Pacific Islands: Replacing the West, by New Zealand Pacific scholar Ron Crocombe, defined the term "Pacific Islands" as being islands in the South Pacific Commission, and stated that such a definition "does not include Galpagos and other [oceanic] islands off the Pacific coast of the Americas; these were uninhabited when Europeans arrived, then integrated with a South American country and have almost no contact with other Pacific Islands." Encompassing the two most highly populated countries in the world - China and India - Asia is by far the largest of the continents, with a total population of over 4.5 billion people. The island states of Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, Singapore and Taiwan, all located within the bounds of the Pacific or associated marginal seas, are excluded from the UN definition. Oceania population is comparable to 0.54% of the overall world population . The use and scope of this term varies. It should be remarked that if we take the Malay archipelago away from Oceania, as do generally the German geographers, the insular world contained in the great ocean is cut in two, and the least populated of the five parts of the world is diminished in order to increase the number of inhabitants of the most densely populated continent. The 'Asia-Pacific region' would comprise two quasi-continents. What Is The Population Of Oceania. "[140], American marine geologist Anthony A. P. Koppers wrote in the 2009 book Encyclopedia of Islands that, "as a whole, the islands of the Pacific Region are referred to as Oceania, the tenth continent on earth. [409] The Hawaiian religion is polytheistic and animistic, with a belief in many deities and spirits, including the belief that spirits are found in non-human beings and objects such as animals, the waves, and the sky. [135] The Stockholm Journal of East Asian Studies stated in 1996 that Oceania was defined as Australia and an ensemble of various Pacific Islands, "particularly those in the central and south Pacific [but] never those in the extreme north, for example the Aleutian chain. [64] Todd further included the Aleutian Islands in his definition of Oceania. [64][123] Archaeological evidence suggests that Micronesians may have lived on the Bonin Islands c.2,000 years ago, but they were uninhabited at the time of European discovery in the 16th century. The number of its inhabitants is approximately 34,300,000(according to the 2010 census), a figure that is increasing due to the substantial difference in the birth rate (21%) and death rate (9%). "[90] Regarding Australia and the Pacific, Chambers's New Handy Volume American Encyclopdia observed in 1885 that, "the whole region has sometimes been called Oceania, and sometimes Australasiagenerally, however, in modern times, to the exclusion of the islands in the [Malay] archipelago, to which certain writers have given the name of Malesia. ( January 1 2023). They were named by Krusenstern, after English explorer John Marshall, who visited them together with Thomas Gilbert in 1788, en route from Botany Bay to Canton (two ships of the First Fleet). [370], Tourism in New Zealand contributes NZ$7.3 billion (or 4%) of the country's GDP in 2013, as well as directly supporting 110,800 full-time equivalent jobs (nearly 6% of New Zealand's workforce).

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