Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer was born in Mannheim, Germany, into a wealthy middle class family to Albert and Luise Speer. His first draft was written from March 1953 to 26 December 1954. 46.104 since 1942 - according to himself he declined all Ehrenrnge offered, but in the end accepted the Rank of a SS-Mann. This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. "[4] His brothers, Ernst and Hermann, bullied him throughout his childhood. Showing 28 distinct works. Profile manager: Gordon Becker [ send private message ] He goes on to say that at the Nuremberg Trial he stated he "had to share the total responsibility for all that had happened", and that he "was inescapably contaminated morally". It's the end of an era: The company's founder Professor Albert Speer passes away in September aged 83. 1971. [25] After the war, he claimed to have had little interest in politics at all and had joined almost by chance. [45] Kristallnacht accelerated Speer's ongoing efforts to dispossess Berlin's Jews from their homes. Carefully measuring distance travelled each day, he mapped distances to the real-world geography. Many more buildings were planned. [84] Production of German fighter aircraft more than doubled between 1943 and 1944. Speer believed his greatest work, the one that would truly stand the test of time was the Zeppelinfeld in Nrnberg, which held up to 340,000 people, and the Cathedral of Lights he orchestrated for nighttime Nazi rallies with 130 anti-aircraft searchlights placed around it. [83] His political rivals used the opportunity to undermine his authority and damage his reputation with Hitler. - London, Anglia, 1981. szeptember 1.) [179], Little remains of Speer's personal architectural works, other than the plans and photographs. Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. [118] On 1 October 1946, he was sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. [55] At the same time, Hitler also appointed Speer as head of the Organisation Todt, a massive, government-controlled construction company. The manuscript led to two books: first Erinnerungen ("Recollections") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1969), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1970 as Inside the Third Reich; then as Spandauer Tagebcher ("Spandau Diaries") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1975), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1976 as Spandau: The Secret Diaries. [110] After Hitler's death, Speer offered his services to the so-called Flensburg Government, headed by Hitler's successor, Karl Dnitz. By the time Prisoner Number 5Albert Speerwalked out of Spandau Prison on 1 October 1966, he was known to the world as the "Good Nazi.". He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. Albert Speer (fdt Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer den 19. marts 1905 i Mannheim, dd 1. september 1981 i London) var en tysk arkitekt, der under 2. verdenskrig var rustningsminister (Reichsminister fr Bewaffnung und Munition) i Nazi-Tyskland.Lnge inden ministerudnvnelsen havde Speer vret Adolf Hitlers foretrukne arkitekt.. Speer blev medlem af nazistpartiet i 1931. [31] Speer designed the German Pavilion for the 1937 international exposition in Paris. I recommend this book without reservations. [11] As such, Speer taught some of his classes while continuing his own postgraduate studies. Nobody else in Hitler's circle, not even Josef Goebbels, was shown such favoritism. [135] Speer's efforts for an early release came to naught. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. - Han var ikke sdan en morfar, man sad p skdet af, og . House Albert Speer (4) Location: Take the road in front of the Gutshof back uphill to the Berghof. During the winter of 194142, in the light of Germany's disastrous defeat in the Battle of Moscow, the German leadership including Friedrich Fromm, Georg Thomas and Fritz Todt had come to the conclusion that the war could not be won. The task force was established by 1 March 1944, orders of Speer, with support from Erhard Milch of the Reich Aviation Ministry. At the end of 1933, he contracted Paul Troost to renovate the entire building. After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. [8] In 1924, when the crisis had abated, he transferred to the "much more reputable" Technical University of Munich. Among those who pledged support for his sentence to be commuted were Charles de Gaulle and US diplomat George Wildman Ball. Martin Kitchen, writing in Speer: Hitler's Architect, stated that much of the increase in Germany's arms production was actually due to systems instituted by Speer's predecessor (Fritz Todt) and furthermore that Speer was intimately involved in the "Final Solution". This ignored military realities, as the German armed forces were unable to match the Allies' firepower and were facing total defeat. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (German: [pe] ( listen); March 19, 1905 - September 1, 1981) was a German architect who was, for a part of World War II, Minister of Armaments and War Production for the Third Reich. Speer cancelled some hours before take-off because the previous night he had been up late in a meeting with Hitler. Finally, in the summer of 1943, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition. Hitler's cabinet was dismayed at his tactics, but, regardless, he was able to accumulate new responsibilities and more power. The second season of the PBS series looks at Hitler's planning and the battle that would ultimately cripple the Third Reich. Initially, the funds were used only to support Speer's family, but increasingly the money was used for other purposes. Speer made no mention of it in the first draft of Inside the Third Reich. Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . [5] Wolters and longtime Speer secretary Annemarie Kempf, while not permitted direct communication with Speer in Spandau, did what they could to help his family and carry out the requests Speer put in letters to his wifethe only written communication he was officially allowed. This carried with it the rank of State Secretary in the Reich government and gave him extraordinary powers over the Berlin city government. FC Bayern Munich opens a new sports complex with a youth academy planned by AS+P. Yet each showed comparable increases in production despite not being under Speer's control. (Black and white photographs from Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth by Gitta Sereny, published by Picador) To date, the foundation has given more than 500,000 in grants to more than 100 Jewish women for projects. [64] Another factor that produced the boom in ammunition was the policy of allocating more coal to the steel industry. Minister for Armaments. [52] Speer's building work made him among the wealthiest of the Nazi elite. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad At the end of July 1942, a lack of fuel brought Paulus to a halt at Kalach. Albert Speer, (born March 19, 1905, Mannheim, Baden, Germanydied September 1, 1981, London, England), German architect who was Adolf Hitler's chief architect (1933-45) and minister for armaments and war production (1942-45). like so many other Germans his body was never found or returned to . [51] Speer used forced Jewish labor on these projects, in addition to regular German workers. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. [153] He was well-educated, middle class, and bourgeois, and could contrast himself with those who, in the popular mind, typified "bad Nazis". letters that exist between ernst and the parents which he wrote and On one such business trip, Speer's friend and close associate Hans Stephan unexpectedly found himself on the frontlines of war, an account he would later publish as Niederlndisches Tagebuch [Dutch Diary].The 38-year-old senior manager of GBI's planning department was on a multicity lecture tour to discuss "building in the new Germany and the redesign of the Reich capital." I myself must carry this out. William. [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. He coveted control of the production of armaments for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine as well. by punktlich02 29 Oct 2009, 11:35, Return to The Dieter Zinke Axis Biographical Research Section. The journalist described an invented scenario in which Speer had refused Hitler's orders and Hitler had left with tears in his eyes. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. [158] Kitchen said he had deceived the Nuremberg Tribunal and post-war Germany. In June 1936 he charged a personal honorarium of 30,000 Reichsmark and estimated the chancellery would be completed within three to four years. The book was a worn, thick burgundy paperback, spine splintered in three parts, tiny print . FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . [10] After passing his exams in 1927, Speer became Tessenow's assistant, a high honor for a man of 22. "[118], Speer was credited with an "armaments miracle". In her renowned biography, Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth, she describes her friend Schramm as "maybe the most moral person I have ever met". The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. [94] After the plot Speer's rivals attacked some of his closest allies and his management system fell out of favor with radicals in the party. By the autumn of 1942 however, the estimated period for developing a weapon had increased to three to four years, much too long to affect the war. Stalingrad was a classic example where he refused to provide the equipment necessary to supply his army on the Eastern front during the terrible winter of 1941. [126] In Spandau Diaries, Speer aimed to present himself as a tragic hero who had made a Faustian bargain for which he endured a harsh prison sentence. Thanks! [20], Shortly after Hitler came into power, he began to make plans to rebuild the chancellery. [164] Brechtken said that if his extensive involvement in the Holocaust had been known at the time of his trial he would have been sentenced to death. [71] Speer and Sauckel cooperated closely to meet Speer's labor demands. [38] The outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to the postponement, and later the abandonment, of these plans. He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. It is primarily based on the memoirs of Gertraud "Traudl" Junge ( Alexandra Maria Lara ), one of Hitler's secretaries, and is one of the most accurate portrayals of the last, desperate days of the Third Reich and its effects on the Fhrer, his closest aides, and ordinary Germans. Ultimately, when their emergence involved the ruin of all his work, Speer accepted the consequences and acted. These centered on a three-mile-long grand boulevard running from north to south, which Speer called the Prachtstrasse, or Street of Magnificence;[35] he also referred to it as the "NorthSouth Axis". Speer, Albert (1905-81). [5], Another kind of criticism is the claim that Speer pretended that he was unaware of the extermination camps and presented the figure of a "good Nazi". [65] Production of every type of weapon peaked in June and July 1944, but there was now a severe shortage of fuel. [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. "[16] The historian Magnus Brechtken, discussing Speer, said he did not give anti-Jewish public speeches and that his anti-Semitism can best be understood through his actionswhich were anti-Semitic. [5], Following his release from Spandau, Speer donated the Chronicle, his personal diary, to the German Federal Archives. [56] Hitler appointed Speer in Todt's place. When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . Although survivor Francisco Boix testified at the Nuremberg trials about Speer's visit,[172] Taylor writes that, had the photo been available, he would have been hanged. [1]:488498,569, Speer's involvement with concentration camp prisoners as a work force came about when Hitler agreed to Himmler's proposal they be used for the secret V-2 project. Albert was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. [66], As Minister of Armaments, Speer was responsible for supplying weapons to the army. [88] The SS provided 64,000 prisoners for 20 separate projects from various concentration camps including Mittelbau-Dora. German architect of the Nazi period (1933-45). [138] He said little, reserving most comments for a major interview published in Der Spiegel in November 1966. Hitler appointed Speer as head of the Chief Office for Construction, which placed him nominally on Hess's staff. [167] Brechtken wrote that his most brazen lie was fabricated during an interview with a French journalist in 1952. First published in 1969, it appeared in English translation in 1970. 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